The Role of Nutrition in Human Growth and Development

Abstract

Nutrition provides the energy and nutrients required for human growth, tissue formation, metabolism, immune function, and development. Adequate nutrition is especially important during infancy, childhood, adolescence, pregnancy, and other periods of increased physiological demand. Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, water, and other dietary components contribute to distinct biological functions. Both nutrient deficiencies and excessive intake can affect growth and health. This paper examines nine major dimensions of nutrition and human development, including energy, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, micronutrients, bone development, brain development, childhood nutrition, and lifelong health.